TOXICITY OF ISOCYANATES - All Ecotech Products are Isocyanate-free

Isocyanates, in monomeric form, are used to manufacture prepoloymers which are in turn used in paint manufacture, specifically in polyurethane coatings which have a variety of end uses, for example as durable finishes or elastomers.

All paints have health hazards; but isocyanates have particular hazards and careful precautions must be taken by paint applicators to avoid these.

Isocyanate containing coatings are safe to handle provided all precautions as specified on the Health and Safety Data Sheets are taken. In the case of isocyanates, as well as the protective clothing worn for all paints; the precautions include the use of air fed hoods when spraying, as specifically recommended by for example the UK Health and Safety Executive for this type of material. If these precautions are ignored the diseases below may result. The risks associated with application of polyurethane coatings by brush are lower.

Isocyanate monomers which are used to make prepolymers (resins) are the largest contributors to ill health effects because of the small molecular size and hence volatility. Very small amounts remain together with larger less volatile prepolymer molecules in paint. All the unreacted "free" isocyanate represents a hazard particularly when sprayed.

Respiratory Disease

Isocyanates are particularly hazardous to the respiratory system and atmospheric over-exposure can lead to varying conditions of ill-health. In mild cases, the afflicted may suffer irritation of the eyes, nose and throat. There may be a tightening of the chest and coughing In more severe cases of symptoms experienced can be acute bronchial irritation and difficulty in breathing The onset of such respiratory effects may be delayed for several hours after exposure.

When people are initially exposed to high levels of isocyanate containing vapour, they may become sensitised and then are often prone to exhibiting symptoms on exposure to even trace concentration levels in the future. There is no cure for sensitisation; it is recommended that an affected person should not in future work with isocyanates.

A reduction in lung capacity as well as sensitisation may also be caused by the inhalation of aerosol mist droplets. These are formed when isocyanate paints are applied by spray. Dusts containing isocyanates may present a similar hazard.

Skin and Eye Sensitisation

Isocyanates like many other paints cause skin and eye irritation. Skin sensitisation is also possible.

Isocyanate-free technology is now available to provide coatings with a performance similar to that of polyurethanes, such as durability, weathering and colour and gloss retention, without the degree of risk of respiratory disease and sensitisation associated with isocyanate paints.

Protective Coatings’ Ecotech initiative promotes the increased use of environmentally sensitive coatings. All Ecotech products are isocyanate free.

For an isocyanate free Ecotech Approved Finish use Interfine 629HS